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Freshwater withdrawals per kilogram of food product

Freshwater withdrawals are measured in liters per kilogram of food product.

01,0002,0003,0004,0005,000Cheese5,605Nuts4,134Fish (farmed)3,691Prawns (farmed)3,515Beef (dairy herd)2,714Rice2,248Groundnuts1,852Lamb & Mutton1,803Pig Meat1,796Beef (beef herd)1,451Poultry Meat660Wheat & Rye648Milk628Eggs578Peas397Tomatoes370Maize216Apples180Tofu (soybeans)149Bananas115Citrus Fruit83Wine79Potatoes59Root Vegetables28
OurWorldInData.org/environmental-impacts-of-food •

Source: Poore, J., & Nemecek, T. (2018). Reducing food’s environmental impacts through producers and consumers.

Note: Data represents the global average freshwater withdrawals from food products based on a large meta-analysis of food production covering 38,700 commercially viable farms in 119 countries.

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